Using novel microalgal biorefinery technology Dunaliella salina cultivation delivers compounds of great interest in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, nutraceutical and other applications, with huge savings in fresh water as well as cutting CO2 emissions and freeing up arable land. ‘Hyperaccumulator’ strains grown in salt-water, under low energy red light, switch on production of rare, sought-after carotenoids for protection against sun-damage, and treatment of diseases, along with proteins, lipids, and glycerol, and reduce processing costs by several orders of magnitude.