This presentation examines the suitability of cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) for developing high-value industrial products. It outlines the characteristics of cyanobacteria, including their sheath and capsule, and explains the process of converting CO2 via photosynthesis into polysaccharides. The main constituents of these EPSs are discussed, alongside their biomedical and cosmetic applications. The presentation concludes with insights into the exploitation of cyanobacterial EPSs, as well as the challenges ahead.